Buying & Owning Guns in Panama

Gun ownership in Panama is legal but highly regulated. Unlike in the United States, purchasing and carrying a firearm in Panama requires extensive background checks, multiple tests, and government approvals. Firearms laws aim to ensure that only responsible individuals can own and use guns. While self-defense, hunting, and sport shooting are recognized as valid reasons for owning firearms, Panama enforces strict controls on ownership, importation, and carrying permits.

This article outlines the different types of firearms available, the legal requirements for obtaining a gun, and the step-by-step process to legally own and carry a firearm in Panama. Additionally, it highlights important legal provisions and their translations, providing an in-depth look at gun regulations in the country.

Types of Firearms in Panama

Firearms available for legal purchase in Panama include handguns, rifles, and shotguns. Each category has specific regulations regarding ownership, usage, and permits.

Handguns

Handguns (pistolas y revólveres) are the most common firearms for personal defense. Both semi-automatic pistols and revolvers are available, but owners must undergo a strict vetting process. Carrying a handgun concealed is permitted with a specific license (Porte de Arma).

Rifles

Rifles (fusiles) are used for hunting, sport shooting, and security purposes. Fully automatic rifles (assault rifles) are prohibited for civilian use. Bolt-action, lever-action, and semi-automatic rifles are permitted but must be registered and stored according to strict guidelines.

Shotguns

Shotguns (escopetas) are commonly used for hunting and home defense. Pump-action, break-action, and semi-automatic shotguns are allowed, but fully automatic shotguns are prohibited.

Air Guns

Air guns (armas de aire comprimido) do not fall under firearm regulations and are freely available for purchase. These include BB guns, pellet guns, and airsoft replicas. They are commonly used for sport shooting and pest control but cannot be carried for self-defense.

Prohibited Firearms and Accessories

• Fully automatic firearms (assault rifles) are banned for civilian ownership.
• Silencers and suppressors are illegal under Panamanian law.
• Armor-piercing, incendiary, tracer, and explosive ammunition is prohibited.

Where to Buy Firearms in Panama

Firearms in Panama must be purchased from licensed gun stores. The government strictly regulates the sale and transfer of firearms, and private sales between individuals are not allowed. A transaction between to individuals always goes through the DIASP and the buyer will need to comply to all laws as defined. Firearms cannot be imported for personal use; they must be bought from authorized dealers. Some well-known firearms retailers in Panama City include:

Firearms are held by the dealer until the buyer completes all necessary legal procedures.

The Legal Process of Buying and Owning a Gun in Panama

The process to legally own a firearm in Panama is lengthy and expensive, often taking between three to six months. The following steps outline the required procedures:

1. Obtain a Firearm Purchase Permit

Before buying a gun, applicants must meet the following criteria:

• Be at least 18 years old for possession and 21 years old for concealed carry.
• Be a Panamanian citizen or a permanent resident with an e-cedula.
• Pass a criminal background check.
• Submit to drug and psychological tests at an approved clinic.

2. Firearm Registration and Ballistic Test

Once the firearm is selected and paid for, it undergoes a ballistic test at DIASP (Dirección Institucional en Asuntos de Seguridad Pública). A bullet and shell casing sample are kept on record by authorities.

Law Reference (Ley 57 de 2011, Artículo 7):

“Todo arma de fuego deberá ser registrada en el sistema balístico de la Dirección Institucional en Asuntos de Seguridad Pública.” (“All firearms must be registered in the ballistic system of the Directorate of Public Security Affairs.”)

3. Firearm Possession Certificate (Tenencia de Arma)

This certificate allows the owner to keep the firearm at home or a fixed location but does not permit carrying the gun in public.

4. Concealed Carry Permit (Porte de Arma)

For those wishing to carry a firearm in public, an additional concealed carry permit is required. This involves:

• Additional training and certification.
• A valid reason for carrying (such as personal security or business needs).
• Compliance with strict storage and transportation laws.

Law Reference (Ley 57 de 2011, Artículo 9):

“El porte de armas de fuego estará permitido sólo mediante la obtención de una licencia específica emitida por las autoridades competentes.” (“The carrying of firearms is permitted only through obtaining a specific license issued by competent authorities.”)

Costs of Owning a Firearm in Panama

Firearms and licensing in Panama are significantly more expensive than in the United States. Costs include:

• Firearm purchase: $800 – $3,500+, depending on the model.
• Licensing and testing: $600 – $1,200.
• Regular registration renewals and training requirements.

Firearm Storage and Transportation Laws

Gun owners in Panama must comply with strict storage and transport regulations:

• Firearms must be stored securely at home, preferably in a gun safe.
• Transporting a firearm without a concealed carry permit is illegal unless going to a registered shooting range.
• Carrying firearms openly (open carry) is prohibited.

Law Reference (Ley 57 de 2011, Artículo 13):

“Las armas de fuego deben mantenerse en lugares seguros y no estar al alcance de personas no autorizadas.”(“Firearms must be kept in secure locations and not be accessible to unauthorized persons.”)

Conclusion

Owning a firearm in Panama is legal but strictly regulated. The process involves extensive background checks, multiple tests, and high costs. While handguns, shotguns, and rifles are available for purchase, assault weapons and suppressors are banned. Concealed carry is permitted with a license, but the application process is rigorous.

For those living in rural areas, owning a firearm can be a practical measure for wildlife defense and personal safety, as emergency services may be far away. However, gun owners must comply with all laws and regulations to avoid legal consequences.

Panama’s gun laws aim to balance the right to self-defense with public safety, ensuring that firearms are only in responsible hands. Anyone considering buying a gun should be prepared for a lengthy process and strict compliance with all legal requirements.

Pallaslife.com offers help obtaining your gun license and guiding you through the process to make it as hassle free as possible for you. Reach out to us on the contact page.